Sri Lanka’s second ancient capital from the 11th to 13th centuries, Polonnaruwa is home to well-preserved royal palaces, Buddhist shrines, and the iconic Gal Vihara with four colossal rock-cut Buddha figures. The city combines archaeology with a scenic landscape of ancient reservoirs and lush surroundings. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Polonnaruwa is a compelling and accessible chapter in Sri Lanka’s cultural story.